What change in homeostasis does the JG respond to?

Juxtaglomerular cells are able to sense and respond precisely to changes in blood pressure or extracellular fluid volume. They do so in part by communicating with adjacent cells at the juxtaglomerular apparatus, the circulation and the sympathetic nervous system.

Where will you find the juxtaglomerular JG cells?

Juxtaglomerular cells (JG cells), also known as granular cells are cells in the kidney that synthesize, store, and secrete the enzyme renin. They are specialized smooth muscle cells mainly in the walls of the afferent arterioles (and some in the efferent arterioles) that deliver blood to the glomerulus.

What is secreted by the juxtaglomerular?

The juxtaglomerular cells secrete renin, and as specialised smooth muscle cells surrounding the afferent arteriole also have the capacity to affect the perfusion of the glomerulus.

What does Juxtaglomerular cell mean?

Medical Definition of juxtaglomerular cell : any of a group of cells that are situated in the wall of each afferent arteriole of a kidney glomerulus near its point of entry adjacent to a macula densa and that produce and secrete renin.

What specific phenomenon stimulates the release of renin from the juxtaglomerular cells?

The basic mechanisms regulating renin release include: (1) the renal baroreceptor, whereby a decrease in perfusion pressure (hypotension or severe dehydration) is sensed by the JG cells, resulting in their release of renin; (2) the macula densa mechanism: a decrease in the concentration of sodium chloride (as in sodium …

What triggers renin release?

Renin release is stimulated by nitric oxide and by prostanoids released by neighboring endothelial and macula densa cells.

What do JG cells secrete?

renin
The juxtaglomerular cells secrete renin, and as specialised smooth muscle cells surrounding the afferent arteriole also have the capacity to affect the perfusion of the glomerulus.

How JG cells are formed?

The juxtaglomerular cells, derived from smooth muscle cells, of the afferent arteriole secrete renin when blood pressure in the arteriole falls. Renin increases blood pressure via the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

What is the function of JGA?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA), consisting of the glomerular afferent and efferent arterioles and the specialized tubular epithelial cells called the macula densa, plays a central role in the regulation of glomerular hemodynamics and renin release.

What is the role of the juxtaglomerular complex?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a specialized structure formed by the distal convoluted tubule and the glomerular afferent arteriole. It is located near the vascular pole of the glomerulus and its main function is to regulate blood pressure and the filtration rate of the glomerulus.

What does the JGA do?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus functions to maintain blood pressure and to act as a quality control mechanism to ensure proper glomerular flow rate and efficient sodium reabsorption. The urethra extends from the bladder to the surface of the body. It consists of an epithelium-lined lumen and a smooth muscle layer.

What triggers renin secretion?