What is mixed lymphocyte culture technique?
Put simply, it is mixing populations of T-lymphocytes (category of white blood cells) together, and measuring the reaction that occurs. Technically, it is an ex-vivo cellular immune assay that occurs between two allogeneic lymphocyte populations (same species but genetically distinct).
How is a mixed lymphocyte reaction test performed?
Test your immunomodulatory drug by measuring effects on T cell proliferation in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). The MLR is based on an allogeneic immune reaction that occurs when lymphocytes of two different donors are co-cultured, resulting in T cell activation.
How does an MLR assay work?
The MLR assay is an in vitro simulation of this phenomenon: T cells (responders) are mixed with antigen presenting cells (stimulators) from different (allogeneic) donors. Using their T cell receptors (TCRs), T cells scan the surface of the other cells, recognizing MHC-peptide complexes on allogeneic cells as foreign.
What is a mixed lymphocyte reaction immunology?
The principle of a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) is that T cells from one donor will proliferate in the presence of APCs from a different donor. This is caused by the recognition of an HLA mismatch between two unrelated donors, which provokes an immune response from the T cells.
What are allo antigens?
Definition of alloantigen : an antigen present only in some individuals (as of a particular blood group) of a species and capable of inducing the production of an alloantibody by individuals which lack it.
What is pokeweed mitogen test?
Pokeweed Mitogen (PWM)-induced Lymphocyte Proliferation – Measurement of human lymphocytes’ proliferative responses to various stimuli is a fundamental technique used to assess their biological status and functions.
What is allogeneic MLR?
The allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) involves the coculture of lymphocytes from unrelated individuals or different strains of inbred animals, which leads to blast transformation and proliferation of the cells that can be quantitated by uptake of a radiolabeled DNA precursor.
How do you separate monocytes and lymphocytes?
Monocytes can be further separated from lymphocytes using density gradient centrifugation because they are less dense and slightly larger. In other words, monocytes are faster to float during centrifugation in a density gradient than lymphocytes.
What is the difference between autoimmune and alloimmune?
Alloimmune (isoimmune) response results in graft rejection, which is manifested as deterioration or complete loss of graft function. In contrast, autoimmunity is an immune response to the self’s own antigens.
What does Alloreactive mean?
Abstract. Alloreactivity, defined as a strong primary T cell response against allelic variants of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules in the species, has been a long-standing puzzle in immunology with some of its details remaining unclear up to now.