What is the meaning of carcinogenesis?

Listen to pronunciation. (KAR-sih-noh-JEH-neh-sis) The process by which normal cells are transformed into cancer cells.

What is an oncogenic virus?

During the viral replication process, certain virus’s DNA or RNA affects the host cell’s genes in ways that may cause it to become cancerous. These viruses are known as oncogenic viruses, meaning viruses that cause or give rise to tumors.

What do oncogenes do?

An oncogene is a mutated gene that contributes to the development of a cancer. In their normal, unmutated state, onocgenes are called proto-oncogenes, and they play roles in the regulation of cell division. Some oncogenes work like putting your foot down on the accelerator of a car, pushing a cell to divide.

What are oncogenes examples?

Examples of proto-oncogenic receptors include EGFR, the receptor of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) that is involved in growth factor-mediated signaling, and KDR, the receptor of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that is involved in angiogenesis.

What are the stages of carcinogenesis?

Carcinogenesis can be divided conceptually into four steps: tumor initiation, tumor promotion, malignant conversion, and tumor progression (Figure 17-1).

Is HSV oncogenic?

All human herpesviruses (HHVs) have been implicated in immune system evasion and suppression. Moreover, two HHV family members, i.e. EBV and KSHV, are recognised as oncogenic viruses. Our literature review summarises additional examples of possible oncogenic mechanisms that have been attributed to other HHVs.

What is an Oncovirus and List 3 examples?

Oncogenic DNA viruses include EBV, hepatitis B virus (HBV), human papillomavirus (HPV), human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). Oncogenic RNA viruses include, hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1).